Bektaş, Sibel | Bahadır, Burak | Doğan Gün, Banu | Kertiş, Gürkan | Özdamar, Şükrü Oğuz

Article | 2009 | Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences39 ( 3 ) , pp.381 - 387

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the size and shape characteristics of prostatic adenocarcinoma cell nuclei using a computer-assisted analysis system, and to compare the results with the Gleason score. Materials and Methods: Morphometric nuclear parameters, such as roundness factor, form ellipse, area, length, and perimeter, were evaluated based on specimen slides of 130 prostatic adenocarcinoma cases (77% needle biopsies and 23% prostatectomy specimens) using a computerized image analysis system. Correlation analysis between Gleason score and morphometric results was performed. Results: The Gleason score was correlated with . . . mean nuclear area (r = 0.516, P = 0.01), mean nuclear length (r = 0.298, P = 0.01), and mean nuclear perimeter (r = 0.303, P = 0.01) for all specimens. In the needle biopsy group the Gleason score was correlated with mean nuclear area (r = 0.522, P = 0.01), mean nuclear length (r = 0.398, P = 0.01), and mean nuclear perimeter (r = 0.432, P = 0.01), whereas in the prostatectomy group the Gleason score was correlated only with mean nuclear area (? = 0.619, P = 0.01) and mean nuclear roundness factor (? = -0.425, P = 0.05). Conclusions: Nuclear size and shape factors, especially mean nuclear area, were concordant with the Gleason score. Nuclear size and shape assessment may aid in the evaluation of the pathological status of prostatic adenocarcinoma. © TÜBİTAK Daha fazlası Daha az

Yurtlu, Bülent Serhan | Hancı, Volkan | Ege, Ahmet | Bostankolu, Selime Evrim | Ayoğlu, Hilal | Özkoçak Turan, Işıl

Article | 2012 | Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences42 ( 1 ) , pp.55 - 62

Aim: To evaluate the effect of tramadol addition to levobupivacaine in axillary plexus blockade in a prospective, randomized double-blind study. Materials and methods: A total of 60 patients scheduled to undergo hand and forearm surgery under axillary plexus blockade were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group L received 36 mL of racemic 0.5% levobupivacaine with 2 mL of saline, whereas Group LT received 2 mL (100 mg) of tramadol instead of saline. After routine monitorization, axillary block was performed with a multistimulation technique using a nerve stimulator. Motor (finger, wrist, and elbow movements) and sensory (pinprick sens . . .ation for the cutaneous supply) block characteristics for radial, median, ulnar, and musculocutaneous nerves were determined every 5 min. Postoperative motor and sensory block duration, analgesic consumption, and numeric rating scale (NRS) scores were also recorded. Results: In each group, 2 patients had block failures. The data for the remaining 56 patients were analyzed. There were no significant differences between the study groups according to motor and sensory block characteristics of 4 nerves, block durations, analgesic consumption, and NRS scores. Conclusion: The addition of 100 mg of tramadol to 0.5% levobupivacaine for axillary brachial plexus blockade neither improved the intraoperative block quality nor prolonged the duration of postoperative analgesia. © TÜBITAK Daha fazlası Daha az

Bektaş, Sibel | Barut, Figen | Bahadır, Burak | Gün, Banu Doğan | Kandemir, Orak Nilüfer | Karadayı, Nimet | Özdamar, Şükrü Oğuz

Article | 2009 | Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences39 ( 2 ) , pp.185 - 189

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, renal hücreli karsinomda Fuhrman nükleer derece sisteminin gözlemci içi ve gözlemciler arasındaki tekrarlanabilirliğini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Metot: 46 renal hücreli karsinom olgusuna ait histolojik kesitler, iki patolog tarafından Fuhrman sistemine göre yeniden skorlanmıştır. Patologlar arasında gözlemci içi ve gözlemciler arasındaki tekrarlanabilirlik kappa istatistiği ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Birinci patoloğun ilk değerlendirmesinde; derece 1: dört (% 8,7), derece 2: otuz (% 65,2), derece 3: on bir (% 23,9) ve derece 4: bir (% 2,2) olguda belirlenmiştir. Aynı patoloğun ikinci değerlendirmesin . . .de; derece 1: sekiz (% 17,4), derece 2: yirmi üç (% 50), derece 3: on dört (% 30,4) ve derece 4: bir (% 2,2) olguda saptanmıştır. Fuhrman sisteminin gözlemci içi tekrarlanabilirliği güçlü düzeyde bulunmuştur (? = 0,66). İkinci patoloğun Fuhrman derecelendirmesinde; derece 1: on bir (% 23,9), derece 2: yirmi yedi (% 58,7), derece 3: yedi (% 15,2) ve derece 4: bir (% 2,2) olguda belirlenmiştir. Fuhrman sisteminin gözlemciler arasındaki tekrarlanabilirliği ise orta düzeyde bulunmuştur (? = 0,42). Sonuç: Fuhrman derecenin gözlemci içi güçlü tekrarlanabilirliğine rağmen, gözlemciler arasında orta düzeydeki tekrarlanabilirliği ve derece 3’teki düşük uyum göz önünde tutulmalıdır. Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility of Fuhrman nuclear grading of renal cell carcinoma. Methods: Pathology slides from 46 cases of renal cell carcinoma were rescored by 2 pathologists according to the Fuhrman system. Both intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility were assessed using kappa statistics. Results: The initial Fuhrman grade was grade 1 in 4 of the cases (8.7%), grade 2 in 30 (65.2%), grade 3 in 11 (23.9%), and grade 4 in 1 (2.2%). After reviewing the slides by the same pathologist, grades were reassigned as follows: grade 1 in 8 cases (17.4%), grade 2 in 23 (50%), grade 3 in 14 (30.4%), and grade 4 in 1 (2.2%). Intraobserver reproducibility of the Fuhrman system was substantial (κ = 0.66). Fuhrman grading by the second pathologist was grade 1 in 11 cases (23.9%), grade 2 in 27 (58.7%), grade 3 in 7 (15.2%), and grade 4 in 1 (2.2%). Interobserver reproducibility of the Fuhrman system was moderate (κ = 0.42). Conclusions: Despite substantial intraobserver reproducibility of Fuhrman grading, moderate interobserver reproducibility and low agreement for grade 3 should be a consideration Daha fazlası Daha az

Bozdoğan, Ömer | Gonca, Ersöz | Ekerbiçer, Nuran

Other | 2010 | Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences40 ( 2 ) , pp.249 - 256

Amaç: Adenozin supraventriküler taşikardili hastaların tedavisinde kullanılan etkili bir ilaçtır. Ancak, adenozinin iskemi ve reperfüzyon aritmileri üzerine adsenozin etkisi ile ilgili sadece bir kaç çalışma vardır ve bunlarında sonuçları tartışmalıdır. Bu çalışmada adenozinin iskemi-reperfüzyon aritmileri üzerine etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem ve gereç: Sol koroner arter bağlanarak 6 dakika iskemi ve bağ gevşetilerek 15 dakika reperfüzyon yapılmıştır. Bir A1 adenozin reseptor agonisti olan CCPA (2 Chloro - N6 – Cyclopentyl-adenosine) ve anatgonisti, DPCPX (8- Cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine), 5 ?g/kg dozunda tek ve . . .birlikte iskemiden önce, iskeminin ikinci dakikasında ve reperfüzyonu hemen takiben intravenöz olarak verilmiştir. Bulgular: Sadece ligasyonun ikinci dakikasında verilen CCPA, 15 dakikalık reperfüzyon boyunca oluşan aritmi süresini azaltmıştır. Bu dönemde verilen adenozin antagonisti, DPCPX, adenozinin bu antiaritmik etkisini ortadan kaldırmıştır. Reperfüzyon sırasında ve ligasyondan önce verilen adenozinin reperfüzyonu takiben oluşan aritmiler üzerine bir etkisi olmamıştır. Sonuç: İskemi ve reperfüzyon sırasında veriliş zamanı, adenozinin etkisinde önemlidir. Bu çalışma adenozin ile oluşturulan antiaritminin, A1 adenozin reseptorlarının aktivasyonu ile ilgili olduğunu göstermiştir. Aim: Adenosine has been commonly used to treat supraventricular tachycardia in clinics. However, there are only a few studies on the effects of adenosine on ischemia or reperfusion induced arrhythmia and they conflict with the results of the present study. During this study, we aimed to clarify the effect of adenosine on ischemia-reperfusion induced arrhythmia. Materials and methods: Left coronary artery was ligated for 6 min and it was released for 15 min to produce reperfusion. A1 adenosine agonist CCPA (2 Chloro - N6 – Cyclopentyl-adenosine), and A1 selective antagonist DPCPX (8 – Cyclopentyl - 1,3 -dipropylxanthine) in 5 μg/kg dose alone and in combination were given intravenously before ligation, at the second minute of the ligation and just following the reperfusion. Results: Adenosine given only at the second minute of the ligation is found to decrease the total duration of arrhythmia observed in the reperfusion stage. DPCPX given in this period is found to block the antiarrhythmic effect of adenosine. Adenosine given after reperfusion and before ligation was not effective in decreasing reperfusion induced arrhythmia. Conclusion: The time dependent effect of the administration during ischemia and reperfusion was important for the effect of adenosine. The present study showed that antiarrhythmia produced by adenosine is related to the activation of A1 adenosine receptor Daha fazlası Daha az

Horasanlı, Eyüp | Acar, Aydın | Muslu, Bünyamin | Çayönü, Melih | Çimencan, Murat | Kayabaşı, Serkan

Article | 2015 | Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences45 ( 1 ) , pp.197 - 201

Background/aim: To assess mucociliary clearance in anesthetists who were exposed to waste anesthetic gases occupationally. Materials and methods: The first group consisted of 30 anesthetists who had been working at least 2 years. The control group of 30 subjects was selected from hospital staff with no history of occupational exposure to waste anesthetic gases. Mucociliary clearance time was assessed by measuring the saccharine nasal transit time (SNTT). Results: Thirty-six women and 24 men aged between 25 and 60 years were enrolled in the study. There were no differences between the anesthetist and control groups in terms of age, s . . .ex, height, or weight. The median SNTT for the anesthetists (10 min) was longer than that for the control group (8.3 min). The difference was significant (P = 0.025). In addition, there was a significant correlation between the SNTT and the working time (P = 0.02). Furthermore, anesthetists who had worked for 4 years or more had prolonged SNTT compared to those who had worked less than 4 years (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the impairment of mucociliary clearance in anesthetists. Increasing impairment with increasing working time was also detected. Background/aim: To assess mucociliary clearance in anesthetists who were exposed to waste anesthetic gases occupationally. Materials and methods: The first group consisted of 30 anesthetists who had been working at least 2 years. The control group of 30 subjects was selected from hospital staff with no history of occupational exposure to waste anesthetic gases. Mucociliary clearance time was assessed by measuring the saccharine nasal transit time (SNTT). Results: Thirty-six women and 24 men aged between 25 and 60 years were enrolled in the study. There were no differences between the anesthetist and control groups in terms of age, sex, height, or weight. The median SNTT for the anesthetists (10 min) was longer than that for the control group (8.3 min). The difference was significant (P = 0.025). In addition, there was a significant correlation between the SNTT and the working time (P = 0.02). Furthermore, anesthetists who had worked for 4 years or more had prolonged SNTT compared to those who had worked less than 4 years (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the impairment of mucociliary clearance in anesthetists. Increasing impairment with increasing working time was also detected Daha fazlası Daha az

Mahmutyazıcıoğlu, Kamran | Beşir, Fahri Halit | Bardakçı, Mustafa | Tanrıverdi, Hamit Alper | Ankaralı, Handan

Article | 2014 | Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences44 ( 5 ) , pp.853 - 861

Aim: Findings from clinical studies in postmenopausal women with late initiation of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) that test whether HRT protects cognitive functions in women are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of HRT on brain metabolite ratios when initiated in the early postmenopausal period (critical window). Materials and methods: Proton magnetic resonance spectrometry (1H MRS) was performed in 4 brain regions of 47 healthy postmenopausal women (21 received HRT, 26 did not). The subjects were aged between 45 and 65 years. The duration of HRT ranged from 1 to 12 years (mean: 6.3 years). The d . . .uration of menopause was 2–12 years (mean: 6.1 years) for HRT users and 1–20 years (mean: 7.8 years) for non-HRT users. Metabolite ratios [N-acetyl aspartate/choline (NAA/Cho), NAA/creatine (Cr), and Cho/Cr] were evaluated. Results: Cho/Cr ratios were significantly increased and NAA/Cho ratios significantly decreased in all 4 regions in the HRT user group compared to the other group after elimination of the effects of age and menopause duration. Regression analysis revealed an association only between NAA/Cho and duration of menopause. Conclusion: HRT-related changes in metabolite ratios are found in all brain regions. Decreased NAA/Cho and increased Cho/Cr levels do not support the neuroprotective role of HRT in the critical window. Aim: Findings from clinical studies in postmenopausal women with late initiation of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) that test whether HRT protects cognitive functions in women are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of HRT on brain metabolite ratios when initiated in the early postmenopausal period (critical window). Materials and methods: Proton magnetic resonance spectrometry (1H MRS) was performed in 4 brain regions of 47 healthy postmenopausal women (21 received HRT, 26 did not). The subjects were aged between 45 and 65 years. The duration of HRT ranged from 1 to 12 years (mean: 6.3 years). The duration of menopause was 2–12 years (mean: 6.1 years) for HRT users and 1–20 years (mean: 7.8 years) for non-HRT users. Metabolite ratios [N-acetyl aspartate/choline (NAA/Cho), NAA/creatine (Cr), and Cho/Cr] were evaluated. Results: Cho/Cr ratios were significantly increased and NAA/Cho ratios significantly decreased in all 4 regions in the HRT user group compared to the other group after elimination of the effects of age and menopause duration. Regression analysis revealed an association only between NAA/Cho and duration of menopause. Conclusion: HRT-related changes in metabolite ratios are found in all brain regions. Decreased NAA/Cho and increased Cho/Cr levels do not support the neuroprotective role of HRT in the critical window Daha fazlası Daha az

Gonca, Ersöz

Article | 2015 | Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences45 ( 6 ) , pp.1413 - 1420

Background/aim: To investigate the influence of thiopental (85 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (ip)), and ketamine+xylazine (ketamine 75 mg/kg and xylazine 8 mg/kg, ip) anesthesia on the incidence and duration of ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmias. Materials and methods: Myocardial ischemia was induced by a 6-min ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, followed by a 6-min reperfusion. Measurements were taken of the incidence and duration of ventricular arrhythmias, the mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate, and the pressure rate-product (as an index of myocardial oxygen consumption). Results: The arrhythmia sc . . .ore and the incidence of ventricular fibrillation and tachycardia were significantly decreased in the ketamine+xylazine-anesthetized rats compared with the thiopental-anesthetized group (arrhythmia score: 2.0 ± 2.1 versus 3.7 ± 1.2, P < 0.05). The heart rate was significantly lower in the ketamine+xylazine group during the entire experiment, whilst the pressure-rate product was also significantly lower in the ketamine+xylazine group at different time points of the ischemia and reperfusion periods. Conclusion: Ketamine+xylazine anesthesia has a strong antiarrhythmic effect and an apparent depressive action on the heart rate and the myocardial oxygen consumption index. Therefore, ketamine+xylazine anesthesia is not appropriate for the evaluation of possible antiarrhythmic agents. Thiopental anesthesia is preferable to ketamine+xylazine anesthesia in the in vivo ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmia model. Background/aim: To investigate the influence of thiopental (85 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (ip)), and ketamine+xylazine (ketamine 75 mg/kg and xylazine 8 mg/kg, ip) anesthesia on the incidence and duration of ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmias. Materials and methods: Myocardial ischemia was induced by a 6-min ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, followed by a 6-min reperfusion. Measurements were taken of the incidence and duration of ventricular arrhythmias, the mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate, and the pressure rate-product (as an index of myocardial oxygen consumption). Results: The arrhythmia score and the incidence of ventricular fibrillation and tachycardia were significantly decreased in the ketamine+xylazine-anesthetized rats compared with the thiopental-anesthetized group (arrhythmia score: 2.0 ± 2.1 versus 3.7 ± 1.2, P < 0.05). The heart rate was significantly lower in the ketamine+xylazine group during the entire experiment, whilst the pressure-rate product was also significantly lower in the ketamine+xylazine group at different time points of the ischemia and reperfusion periods. Conclusion: Ketamine+xylazine anesthesia has a strong antiarrhythmic effect and an apparent depressive action on the heart rate and the myocardial oxygen consumption index. Therefore, ketamine+xylazine anesthesia is not appropriate for the evaluation of possible antiarrhythmic agents. Thiopental anesthesia is preferable to ketamine+xylazine anesthesia in the in vivo ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmia model Daha fazlası Daha az

Çetin, Engin | Deveci, Mehmet Ali | Songür, Murat | Özer, Hamza | Turanlı, Sacit

Article | 2017 | Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences47 ( 2 ) , pp.587 - 591

Background/aim: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency results in several kinematic changes in the lower extremities. The aim of this study is to define the plantar pressure parameters in ACL-deficient patients and to show the effect of ACL reconstruction on dynamic plantar pressure. Materials and methods: Forty patients with unilateral ACL rupture and 40 healthy controls were included in this study. Dynamic plantar pressures of both groups were recorded by the EMED SF-2 system during level walking. Thirteen of the patients who had ACL reconstructions with hamstring autografts (HS group) were reevaluated at an average of 14.5 m . . .onths following the ACL reconstructions. Results: ACL-deficient patients had significantly lower hindfoot (P = 0.007) but higher midfoot pressure values (P = 0.03) on their ipsilateral foot compared to control group subjects. Ipsilateral hindfoot pressures were also found to be significantly lower than those of the contralateral foot (P = 0.001). Hindfoot pressure values of the HS group were increased in postoperative measurements (P = 0.01). Conclusion: ACL-deficient patients have altered plantar pressure distributions and ACL reconstructions restore these changes to normal. Pedobarography might be used as a practical method for dynamic functional assessment of ACL-deficient patients. Background/aim: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency results in several kinematic changes in the lower extremities. The aim of this study is to define the plantar pressure parameters in ACL-deficient patients and to show the effect of ACL reconstruction on dynamic plantar pressure. Materials and methods: Forty patients with unilateral ACL rupture and 40 healthy controls were included in this study. Dynamic plantar pressures of both groups were recorded by the EMED SF-2 system during level walking. Thirteen of the patients who had ACL reconstructions with hamstring autografts (HS group) were reevaluated at an average of 14.5 months following the ACL reconstructions. Results: ACL-deficient patients had significantly lower hindfoot (P = 0.007) but higher midfoot pressure values (P = 0.03) on their ipsilateral foot compared to control group subjects. Ipsilateral hindfoot pressures were also found to be significantly lower than those of the contralateral foot (P = 0.001). Hindfoot pressure values of the HS group were increased in postoperative measurements (P = 0.01). Conclusion: ACL-deficient patients have altered plantar pressure distributions and ACL reconstructions restore these changes to normal. Pedobarography might be used as a practical method for dynamic functional assessment of ACL-deficient patients Daha fazlası Daha az

Uğurlu, Görkem Karakaş | Kaymak, Semra Ulusoy | Uğurlu, Mustafa | Örsel, Sibel | Çayköylü, Ali

Article | 2016 | Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences46 ( 2 ) , pp.259 - 264

Background/aim: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important clinical issue in patients with schizophrenia, but its associated factors are still ambiguous. The aim of the present study was to test whether there are any associations between MetS and white blood cell (WBC) levels, liver enzymes, or sociodemographic variables. Materials and methods: The study included 91 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. We used the National Cholesterol Education Program’s Third Adult Treatment Protocol criteria to evaluate MetS in patients. Schizophrenia patients with MetS were compared with those without MetS on the basis of demographic and cl . . .inical characteristics and total WBC counts. We conducted Spearman’s correlation and binary logistic regression analyses to achieve the best prediction of MetS in schizophrenia. Results: Compared with schizophrenia patients without MetS, those with MetS were older, less educated, and more likely to be smokers. They were also more likely to have a longer duration of the illness, a longer untreated period, and higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and WBC levels. MetS was correlated with age, duration of illness, income, ALT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, WBC, and hemoglobin values. Age and WBC levels were found to be the best predictors of MetS. Conclusion: Hemograms and liver tests should be conducted to test for MetS in schizophrenia. Background/aim: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important clinical issue in patients with schizophrenia, but its associated factors are still ambiguous. The aim of the present study was to test whether there are any associations between MetS and white blood cell (WBC) levels, liver enzymes, or sociodemographic variables. Materials and methods: The study included 91 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. We used the National Cholesterol Education Program’s Third Adult Treatment Protocol criteria to evaluate MetS in patients. Schizophrenia patients with MetS were compared with those without MetS on the basis of demographic and clinical characteristics and total WBC counts. We conducted Spearman’s correlation and binary logistic regression analyses to achieve the best prediction of MetS in schizophrenia. Results: Compared with schizophrenia patients without MetS, those with MetS were older, less educated, and more likely to be smokers. They were also more likely to have a longer duration of the illness, a longer untreated period, and higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and WBC levels. MetS was correlated with age, duration of illness, income, ALT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, WBC, and hemoglobin values. Age and WBC levels were found to be the best predictors of MetS. Conclusion: Hemograms and liver tests should be conducted to test for MetS in schizophrenia Daha fazlası Daha az

Aydın, Muammer Merve | Bayın, Nermin Sumru | Acun, Tolga | Yakıcıer, Mustafa Cengiz | Akçalı, Kamil Can

Article | 2016 | Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences46 ( 2 ) , pp.572 - 571

Background/aim: Previously we showed that Fms-like tyrosine kinase (FLT3) changes its cellular localization upon partial hepatectomy, suggesting a role in liver regeneration. FLT3 was also shown to play an important function in cellular proliferation and activation of PI3K and Ras. Thus, we aimed to investigate the role of FLT3 in hepatocellular tumorigenesis utilizing in vitro and in vivo models. Materials and methods: We used Snu398 cells that express FLT3. We investigated these cells’ in vitro proliferation and invasion abilities by treatment with the FLT3 inhibitor K-252a or by knocking-down with FLT3 shRNA,. Furthermore, the ef . . .fect of blocking FLT3 activity and expression during in vivo tumorigenesis was assessed with xenograft models. Results: After K-252a treatment or stable knock-down, these cells’ proliferation and migration abilities were highly diminished in vitro. In addition, significant diminution in tumorigenicity of Snu398 cells was also obtained in vivo. When FLT3 knocked-down Snu398 cells were injected into nude mice, we did not detect &#945;SMA expression in these tumors, suggesting a role for FLT3 in in vivo invasiveness. Conclusion: Our data provided evidence that FLT3 has a crucial role both in hepatocarcinogenesis and its invasiveness. Therefore, targeting FLT3 and/or its activity may be a promising tool for combating hepatocellular carcinomas. Background/aim: Previously we showed that Fms-like tyrosine kinase (FLT3) changes its cellular localization upon partial hepatectomy, suggesting a role in liver regeneration. FLT3 was also shown to play an important function in cellular proliferation and activation of PI3K and Ras. Thus, we aimed to investigate the role of FLT3 in hepatocellular tumorigenesis utilizing in vitro and in vivo models. Materials and methods: We used Snu398 cells that express FLT3. We investigated these cells’ in vitro proliferation and invasion abilities by treatment with the FLT3 inhibitor K-252a or by knocking-down with FLT3 shRNA,. Furthermore, the effect of blocking FLT3 activity and expression during in vivo tumorigenesis was assessed with xenograft models. Results: After K-252a treatment or stable knock-down, these cells’ proliferation and migration abilities were highly diminished in vitro. In addition, significant diminution in tumorigenicity of Snu398 cells was also obtained in vivo. When FLT3 knocked-down Snu398 cells were injected into nude mice, we did not detect &#945;SMA expression in these tumors, suggesting a role for FLT3 in in vivo invasiveness. Conclusion: Our data provided evidence that FLT3 has a crucial role both in hepatocarcinogenesis and its invasiveness. Therefore, targeting FLT3 and/or its activity may be a promising tool for combating hepatocellular carcinomas Daha fazlası Daha az

Paşaoğlu, Hatice | Ofluoğlu, Fatma Ebru Demir | Yılmaz, Canan Demirtaş | Husseın, Ahmed | Paşaoğlu, Özge Tuğçe

Article | 2011 | Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences41 ( 4 ) , pp.665 - 671

Amaç: Biz bu çalışmada kafeinin rat karaciğer ve kalp dokusunda malondialdehit (MDA), nitrik oksit (NO) ve gelişmiş okside protein ürünleri (AOPP) düzeylerine etkisini araştırdık. Yöntem ve gereç: Çalışmaya 30 rat dahil edilmiştir. Ratlar eşit 3 gruba ayrılmıştır, kontrol grubu ve 2 kafeinli grup. Grup 1’e 30 mg/kg kafein, grup 2’ye 100 mg/kg kafein 14 gün boyunca verilmiştir. Bulgular: MDA ve AOPP düzeyleri karaciğerde kafeinli gruplarda dozla ilişkili olarak anlamlı azalmalar göstermiştir. Kalp dokusunda MDA ve AOPP düzeyleri kafeinle azalmıştır ancak bu etki dozdan bağımsızdır. NO düzeyleri karaciğerde kafeinli gruplarda kontrol . . .grubuna göre artmıştır ancak kalp dokusunda kafeinin NO düzeylerine etkisi önemsizdir. Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar göstermiştir ki kısa süreli kafein alımı karaciğer dokusunda oksidatif stresten koruyucu etki göstermektedir. Bu etkiler karaciğerde doz ile ilişkilidir. Kafeinin etki mekanizmalarının bilinmesi için daha ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. Aim: To investigate the effect of caffeine on the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) in the liver and heart tissues of rats. Materials and methods: The current study included 30 rats, which were divided into 3 groups: a control group and 2 caffeine-treated groups. Group 1 was given caff eine at 30 mg/kg and Group 2 was given caff eine at 100 mg/kg (a high nontoxic dose) for 14 days. Results: MDA and AOPP levels in the liver tissue of the caffeine-treated groups decreased significantly as a result of the dose. MDA and AOPP levels in the heart tissue also decreased, but this eff ect was not significantly affected by the dose. NO levels in the liver tissue of the caffeine-treated groups were higher than those in the control group; in the heart tissues, however, NO levels were not significantly aff ected by caffeine. Conclusion: Th ese results show that the short-term consumption of 2 different doses of caffeine may potentially protect against oxidative stress in the liver. Th is eff ect is related to the dose of caffeine in the liver tissue. Further studies will be needed to discover the mechanisms responsible for these findings Daha fazlası Daha az

Erdoğan, Derya Çakır | Cömert, Füsun | Aktaş, Elif | Köktürk, Fürüzan | Külah, Canan

Article | 2017 | Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences47 ( 1 ) , pp.172 - 179

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of fecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- producing bacteria, enzyme types, and risk factors affecting colonization. Materials and methods: A total of 576 stool samples from outpatients were examined between October 2012 and May 2013. Screening was done with selective EMB plates. ESBL were detected by double-disk synergy and confirmed agar strip gradient methods. Enzyme types were determined by PCR. Results: The prevalence of fecal carriage was found as 30% (173 of 576). Recent use of antibiotics, hospitalization and surgical operation, diabete . . .s, crowded household populations, and old age were associated with higher carriage rates. Of the ESBL-producing bacteria, 87.5% were positive for blaCTX-M genes. Of the blaCTX-M gene-positive isolates, 95.2% were positive for blaCTX-M-1 genes; among these, 82.2% were positive for blaCTX-M-3 and 67.7% were positive for blaCTX-M-15 geneswhile 62.5% isolates were positive for both blaCTX-M-3 and blaCTX-M-15 genes Conclusions: A high rate (30%) of fecal carriage of ESBL bacteria was found in an adult population. The predominant beta-lactamase enzyme types were CTX-M-3 and CTX-M-15. Background/aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of fecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- producing bacteria, enzyme types, and risk factors affecting colonization. Materials and methods: A total of 576 stool samples from outpatients were examined between October 2012 and May 2013. Screening was done with selective EMB plates. ESBL were detected by double-disk synergy and confirmed agar strip gradient methods. Enzyme types were determined by PCR. Results: The prevalence of fecal carriage was found as 30% (173 of 576). Recent use of antibiotics, hospitalization and surgical operation, diabetes, crowded household populations, and old age were associated with higher carriage rates. Of the ESBL-producing bacteria, 87.5% were positive for blaCTX-M genes. Of the blaCTX-M gene-positive isolates, 95.2% were positive for blaCTX-M-1 genes; among these, 82.2% were positive for blaCTX-M-3 and 67.7% were positive for blaCTX-M-15 geneswhile 62.5% isolates were positive for both blaCTX-M-3 and blaCTX-M-15 genes Conclusions: A high rate (30%) of fecal carriage of ESBL bacteria was found in an adult population. The predominant beta-lactamase enzyme types were CTX-M-3 and CTX-M-15 Daha fazlası Daha az