Çelik, Sevim Çelik | Yıldırım, İsmail | Arslan, İbrahim | Yıldırım, Sinan | Erdal, Fatih | Yandı, Yunus Emre

Article | 2011 | International Journal of Nursing Practice17 ( 6 ) , pp.556 - 561

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of fever and nursing interventions to lower fever on hemodynamic values and oxygenation in febrile (temperature greater than 38.3°C) surgical intensive care unit patients. This retrospective study was conducted in 53 febrile patients out of 519 patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit at a university hospital. Data were obtained from the medical records, laboratory files and nursing notes. Statistical analysis of the data was analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance and a paired sample t-test. The average hourly urine output (F=5.46; P=0.002) and systolic . . .blood pressure (F=2.87; P=0.03) were significantly lower after fever onset. Heart rate, respiratory rate, positive end-expiratory pressure settings and FiO 2 settings were unchanged after the development of fever. Diastolic blood pressure and oxygen saturation had non-statistically significant decreases. Nursing interventions for febrile patients consisted of medication administration (69.8%), ice (62.3%) and sponging with tepid water (62.3%). The present results showed that fever was associated with an increase in heart rate, decreased systolic arterial pressure, mean arterial pressure, oxygen saturation and hourly urine output. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd Daha fazlası Daha az

Büyükgüzel, Ender | Erdem, meltem | Tunaz, Hasan | Küçük, Ceyhun | Atılgan, Utku Can | Stanley, David | Büyükgüzel, Kemal

Article | 2017 | Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -Part A : Molecular and Integrative Physiology204 , pp.121 - 128

We posed the hypothesis that inhibition of eicosanoid biosynthesis leads to increased lipid peroxidation in insects. Here we report that rearing the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella, on media supplemented with selected inhibitors of eicosanoid biosynthesis throughout the larval, pupal and adult life led to major alterations in selected oxidative and antioxidative parameters of wax moth and its ectoparasitoid, Bracon hebetor. The highest dietary dexamethasone (Dex), esculetin (Esc) and phenidone (Phe) led to increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and to elevated catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities in al . . .l developmental stages of host larvae. Dietary Phe resulted in increased MDA levels, and CAT activity in G. mellonella adults by about 4-fold and about 2-fold, respectively. The Phe effect on GST activity in all stages of the wax moth was expressed in a dose-dependent manner, increased to 140 nmol/mg protein/min in larvae. MDA levels were increased by over 30-fold in adult wasps reared on Dex- and Esc-treated hosts. CAT and GST activities were increased in adult parasitoids reared on Esc-and Phe-treated hosts. GST activity of Dex-treated parasitoid larvae increased from about 4 to over 30 nmol/mg protein/min. Dietary Phe led to increased GST activity, by about 25-fold, in adult wasps. These data indicate that chronic inhibition of eicosanoid biosynthesis leads to increased oxidative stress, strongly supporting our hypothesis. The significance of this work lies in understanding the roles of eicosanoids in insect biology. Aside from other well-known eicosanoids actions, we propose that eicosanoids mediate reductions in oxidative stress. © 2016 Elsevier Inc Daha fazlası Daha az

Ventrella, Emanuela | Adamski, Zbigniew | Chudzinska, Ewa | Miadowicz-Kobielska, Mariola | Marciniak, Pavel | Büyükgüzel, Ender | Büyükgüzel, Kemal | Erdem, Meltem | Falabella, Patrizia | Scrano, Laura | Bufo, Sabino Aurelio

Article | 2016 | PLoS ONE11 ( 5 ) , pp.121 - 128

Glycoalkaloids are secondary metabolites commonly found in Solanaceae plants. They have anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and insecticidal activities. In the present study we examine the effects of potato and tomato leaf extracts and their main components, the glycoalkaloids ?-solanine, ?-chaconine and ?-tomatine, on development and reproduction of Drosophila melanogaster wild-type flies at different stages. Parental generation was exposed to five different concentrations of tested substances. The effects were examined also on the next, non-exposed generation. In the first (exposed) generation, addition of each extract reduced the number . . .of organisms reaching the pupal and imaginal stages. Parent insects exposed to extracts and metabolites individually applied showed faster development. However, the effect was weaker in case of single metabolites than in case of exposure to extracts. An increase of developmental rate was also observed in the next, non-exposed generation. The imagoes of both generations exposed to extracts and pure metabolites showed some anomalies in body size and malformations, such as deformed wings and abdomens, smaller black abdominal zone. Our results further support the current idea that Solanaceae can be an impressive source of molecules, which could efficaciously be used in crop protection, as natural extract or in formulation of single pure metabolites in sustainable agriculture. © 2016 Ventrella et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Daha fazlası Daha az

Erdem, Meltem | Büyükgüzel, Ender | Büyükgüzel, Kemal

Article | 2016 | Journal of Entomological Science51 ( 4 ) , pp.305 - 313

he fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is often used in various biological, molecular, and toxicological studies. Sodium tetraborate, a boron compound, was added to the artificial diet of developing D. melanogaster to determine its effects on adult longevity and fecundity. Insects reared from first instars to adults on diets containing 10, 30, 150, 300, or 400 mg/liter sodium tetraborate showed that the highest concentration (400 mg/liter) significantly reduced female longevity (31.65 6 4.02 [mean 6 SD] d for the controls versus 1.87 6 0.30 d for 400 mg/liter) and male longevity (32.80 6 1.96 d for co . . .ntrols versus 3.57 6 0.42 d for 400 mg/liter). Females from the control diet produced 9.46 6 0.57 (mean 6 SD) eggs per female, whereas those fed on a diet containing 300 mg/liter produced only 1.92 6 0.30 eggs per females. These results expand our knowledge of the impact of sodium tetraborate on various insects and indicate that boron compounds should be further investigated to ascertain their potential as an alternative control tactic for pest insects Daha fazlası Daha az