Hyršl, Pavel | Büyükgüzel, Ender | Büyükgüzel, Kemal

Article | 2007 | Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology66 ( 1 ) , pp.23 - 31

Larvae of the wax moth, Galleria mellonella (L.), were reared from first instar on a diet supplemented with 156, 620, 1,250, or 2,500 ppm boric acid (BA). The content of malondialdehyde (MDA, an oxidative stress indicator), and activities of the antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)] were determined in the fat body and hemolymph in the 7th instar larvae and newly emerged pupae. Relative to control larvae, MDA was significantly increased in larval hemolymph, larval and pupal fat body, but decreased in the pupal hemolymph. Insects reared on di . . .ets with 156-and 620-ppm BA doses yielded increased SOD activity but 1,250- and 2,500-ppm doses resulted in decreased SOD activity in larval hemolymph. SOD activity was significantly increased but CAT was decreased in the larval fat body. High dietary BA treatments led to significantly decreased GST activity. However, they increased GPx activity in larval hemolymph. Dietary BA also affected larval survival. The 1,250- and 2,500-ppm concentrations led to significantly increased larval and pupal mortality and prolonged development. In contrast, the lowest BA concentration increased longevity and shortened development. We infer that BA toxicity is related, at least in part, to oxidative stress management. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc Daha fazlası Daha az

Büyükgüzel, Ender | Büyükgüzel, Kemal | Erdem, Meltem | Adamski, Zbigniew | Adamski, Zbigniew | Marciniak, Pawel | Ziemnicki, Kazimierz

Article | 2013 | Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology83 ( 1 ) , pp.15 - 24

Plant allelochemicals are nonnutritional chemicals that interfere with the biology of herbivores. We posed the hypothesis that ingestion of a glycoalkaloid allelochemical, ?-solanine, impairs biological parameters of greater wax moths Galleria mellonella. To test this idea, we reared wax moths on artificial diets with 0.015, 0.15, or 1.5 mg/100 g diet of ?-solanine. Addition of ?-solanine to the diet affected survival of seventh-instar larvae, pupae, and adults; and female fecundity and fertility. The diet containing the highest ?-solanine concentration led to decreased survivorship, fecundity, and fertility. The diets supplemented . . .with ?-solanine led to increased malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl contents in midgut and fat body and the effect was dose-dependent. Dietary ?-solanine led to increased midgut glutathione S-transferase activity and to decreased fat body glutathione S-transferase activitiy. We infer from these findings that ?-solanine influences life history parameters and antioxidative enzyme activities in the midgut and fat body of G. mellonella. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc Daha fazlası Daha az

Büyükgüzel, Kemal | Tunaz, Hasan | Putnam, Sean M. | Stanley, David

Article | 2002 | Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology32 ( 4 ) , pp.435 - 443

We describe prostaglandin (PG) biosynthesis by isolated midgut preparations from tobacco hornworms, Manduca sexta. Microsomal-enriched midgut preparations yielded four PGs, PGA/B2, PGD2, PGE2 and PGF22? all of which were confirmed by analysis on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). PGA and PGB are double bond isomers which do not resolve on TLC but do resolve by GC; for convenience, we use the single term PGA2 for this product. PGA2 was the major product under most conditions. The midgut preparations were sensitive to reaction conditions, including radioactive substrate, protein concentration (optimal at 1 mg/reaction), rea . . .ction time (optimal at 0.5 min), temperature (optimal at 22°C), buffer pH (highest at pH 6), and the presence of a co-factor cocktail composed of reduced glutathione, hydroquinine and hemoglobin. In vitro PG biosynthesis was inhibited by two cyclooxygenase inhibitors, indomethacin and naproxen. Subcellular localization of PG biosynthetic activity in midgut preparations, determined by ultracentrifugation, revealed the presence of PG biosynthetic activity in the cytosolic and microsomal fractions, although most activity was found in the cytosolic fractions. This is similar to other invertebrates, and different from mammalian preparations, in which the activity is exclusively associated with the microsomal fractions. Midgut preparations from M. sexta pupae, adult cockroach, Periplaneta americana, and corn ear worms, Helicoverpa zea, also produced the same four major PG products. We infer that insect midguts are competent to biosynthesize PGs, and speculate they exert important, albeit unrevealed, actions in midgut physiology. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved Daha fazlası Daha az

Büyükgüzel, Kemal

Article | 2001 | Journal of Applied Entomology125 ( 09.Oct ) , pp.583 - 587

Effects of novobiocin, nalidixic and oxolinic acids, which are potent antibacterial agents, on the survival and development of the hymenopterous endoparasitoid, Pimpla turionellae L. (Ichneumonidae) were investigated alone by rearing the larvae aseptically on chemically defined synthetic diets. Survival of the fifth instar larvae was not significantly affected by diets with different levels of antibiotics tested. A diet containing the lowest level of novobiocin significantly increased yields of pupae and adults. This level also significantly shortened the developmental time for fifth instar but had no significant effect on complete . . .development of the larvae up to adult emergence. Oxolinic acid at the lowest level did not affect the survival but prolonged development of the insect. In general, the rate of development was significantly increased and the survival was decreased with high levels of the antibiotics. However, nalidixic acid caused a striking decrease in the survival at all tested levels. These results suggest that novobiocin and to a lesser extent oxolinic acid are compatible for addition to artificial diet for rearing P. turionellae, which is an important parasitoid used in biological control Daha fazlası Daha az

Büyükgüzel, Ender | Büyükgüzel, Kemal | Snela, Milena | Erdem, Meltem | Radtke, Katarzyna | Ziemnicki, Kazimierz | Adamski, Zbigniew

Article | 2013 | Cell Biology and Toxicology29 ( 2 ) , pp.117 - 129

Boric acid is widely used as an insecticide, acaricide, herbicide, and fungicide and also during various industrial processings. Hence, numerous populations are subjects to this toxic compound. Its action on animals is still not fully known and understood. We examined the effect of boric acid on larvae of greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella). The chemical appeared to be toxic for larvae, usually in a concentration-dependent manner. Exposed groups revealed increased lipid peroxidation and altered activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase. We also observed changes of ultrastruc . . .ture, which were in tune with biochemical assays. We suggest that boric acid has a broad mode of action, which may affect exposed larvae, and even if sublethal, they may lead to disturbances within exposed populations. © 2013 The Author(s) Daha fazlası Daha az

Büyükgüzel, Kemal

Article | 2002 | Turkish Journal of Zoology26 ( 1 ) , pp.101 - 109

Endoparazitoid zarkanatlı türü, Pimpla turionellae L., kimyasal yapısı bilinen sentetik besin ortamlarında aseptik şartlarda beslenerek farklı yapı ve etkiye sahip olan onüç antimikrobiyal ajanın böceğin pup evresindeki total protein miktarına etkileri incelendi. Bu etkiler antimikrobiyal ajanın üeşidine ve besindeki miktarına göre değişmektedir. Pupların total protein miktarı penisillin, streptomisin, rifampisin, tetrasiklin hidroklorür, linkomisin hidroklorür, metil p-hidroksibenzoat, sikloheksimid, ve sodyum benzoat tarafından önemli derecede artırılırken nistatin ise bu miktarı azaltmıştır.Diğer denenen ajanlar ise böceğin prote . . .in miktarına önemli bir etki yapmamıştır.Antimikrobiyal ajanlar aynı zamanda besinsel miktarlarına baÛlı olarak böceğin yaş vucut ağırlığı üzerinde etkili olmußtur. Bu ajanların bazı miktarlarını içeren besinler ile beslenen larvaların oluşturduğu pupların kontrol besinindekilere göre daha düşük vucut ağırlığına sahip oldukları ancak bunların daha fazla protein içerdikleri tespit edilmiştir. Nistatinin 45 mg'ının ilave edildiği besin ise pupların yaş ağırlığında ve bunların protein miktarında önemli bir azalmaya neden olmuştur. The effects of thirteen antimicrobial agents that have different structures and modes of action on the total protein content of pupae of the hymenopterous endoparasitoid, Pimpla turionellae L., were investigated by rearing the larvae aseptically on chemically defined synthetic diets. These effects varied according to the their kind and dietary levels. The protein content of the pupae was significantly increased by penicillin, streptomycin, rifampicin, tetracycline hydrochloride, lincomycin hydrochloride, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, cycloheximide and sodium benzoate, while it was decreased by nystatin. The other tested antimicrobial agents had no significant effects on the total protein content of the insect. Depending on dietary levels, most of the tested agents also had an effect on the body wet weight of the insect. It was demonstrated that pupae from larvae fed on diets with some levels of tested antimicrobial agents had a lower body wet weight but contained more protein content than those of the control diet. The diet with 45 mg of nystatin caused a significant decrease in the wet weight of the pupae and their protein content Daha fazlası Daha az

Adamski, Zbigniew | Marciniak, Pawel | Ziemnicki, Kazimierz | Büyükgüzel, Ender | Erdem, Meltem | Büyükgüzel, Kemal | Ventrella, Emanuela

Article | 2014 | ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY87 ( 1 ) , pp.26 - 39

Plants synthesize a broad range of secondary metabolites that act as natural defenses against plant pathogens and herbivores. Among these, potato plants produce glycoalkaloids (GAs). In this study, we analyzed the effects of the dried extract of fresh potato leaves (EPL) on the biological parameters of the lepidopteran, Galleria mellonella (L.) and compared its activity to one of the main EPL components, the GA alpha-solanine. Wax moth larvae were reared from first instar on a diet supplemented with three concentrations of EPL or alpha-solanine. Both EPL and alpha-solanine affected survivorship, fecundity, and fertility of G. mellon . . .ella to approximately the same extent. We evaluated the effect of EPL and alpha-solanine on oxidative stress in midgut and fat body by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PCO) contents, both biomarkers of oxidative damage. We evaluated glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, a detoxifying enzyme acting in prevention of oxidative damage. EPL and alpha-solanine altered MDA and PCO concentrations and GST activity in fat body and midgut. We infer that the influence of EPL on G. mellonella is not enhanced by synergistic effects of the totality of potato leaf components compared to alpha-solanine alone. (C) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc Daha fazlası Daha az

Büyükgüzel, Ender | Tunaz , Hasan | Stanley, David | Büyükgüzel, Kemal

Article | 2007 | Journal of Insect Physiology53 ( 1 ) , pp.99 - 105

Nodulation is the predominant insect cellular immune response to bacterial and fungal infections and it can also be induced by some viral infections. Treating seventh instar larvae of greater wax moth Galleria mellonella with Bovine herpes simplex virus-1 (BHSV-1) induced nodulation reactions in a dose-dependent manner. Because eicosanoids mediate nodulation reactions to bacterial and fungal infection, we hypothesized that eicosanoids also mediate nodulation reactions to viral challenge. To test this idea, we injected G. mellonella larvae with indomethacin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug immediately prior to intrahemocoelic i . . .njection of BHSV-1. Relative to vehicle-treated controls, indomethacin-treated larvae produced significantly reduced numbers of nodules following viral infection (down from approximately 190 nodules/larva to Daha fazlası Daha az

Çelik, Cihat | Büyükgüzel, Kemal | Büyükgüzel, Ender

Article | 2019 | Journal of the Entomological Research Society21 ( 1 ) , pp.95 - 108

We investigated that the effects of oxyclozanide on survival rate, development time, adult longevity and the amount of total protein (TP) in different developmental stages (7th-instars larvae, pupae and adult) of greater wax moth Galleria mellonella L. First-instar larvae of insects were reared on 0.003, 0.03 and 0.3 g oxyclozanide in 100 g artificial diets. When compared to all tested concentrations of oxyclozanide and control diet without oxyclozanide, it was confirmed that this anthelmintic drug significantly reduced survival rate of 7th-instar larval stage, pupal and adult stage of G. mellonella. While 7th-instars larval rate is . . . 91.25 ± 6.21 % in the control diet without oxyclozanide, this rate has been determined 28.75 ± 3.24 % in the 0.3 % concentration of oxyclozanide. TP of the insect increased in response to all concentration of oxyclozanide in comparison to control diet. This considerable increase was expressed almost two-fold especially at the 0.003 and 0.03 % of oxyclozanide concentrations in all developmental stages. The results obtained from this research support that the oxyclozanide has effects on the survival, development, adult longevity and TP of the insect. © 2019 Gazi Entomological Research Society. All rights reserved Daha fazlası Daha az

Büyükgüzel, Kemal | İçen, Ender

Article | 2004 | Journal of Entomological Science39 ( 1 ) , pp.108 - 116

The effects of antibiotics, novobiocin, nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid, singly and in combinations, on the wet weight and total protein content of the hymenopterous endoparasitoid, Pimpla turionellae L., were investigated by rearing the larvae aseptically on chemically defined synthetic diets. Oxolinic acid, at all levels tested, caused a greater increase in the total protein content of the young pupae than other antibiotics; whereas, 2.25 mg of this agent decreased both the wet weight and total protein of adults. However, this antibiotic did not affect the pupal wet weight. High levels of novobiocin increased the protein content . . .of the pupae but had no effect on that of the adults. The lowest level of this antibiotic significantly increased pupal and adult wet weight. While this level of antibiotic had no effect on pupal protein content, it significantly increased the protein content of adults. The highest tested level of nalidixic acid caused a significant decrease in the pupal and adult wet weight of the insect. This level increased total protein content of the pupae. None of the tested levels of this antibiotic had an effect on the protein content of the adults. The combinations with two antibiotics had no significant effects on the total protein content, while some increased the wet weight of the insect. Some ternary combinations of novobiocin, nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid (6.0:2.0:0.75, 6.0:2.0:3,0, and 1.5: 4.0:0.75 mg) significantly increased the total protein content in adults of the insect, and the combination of 6.0:2.0:0.75 increased the protein content and wet weight of pupae. It is suggested that these three antibiotics singly and in combination can be used in artificial rearing of this parasitoid Daha fazlası Daha az

Büyükgüzel, Kemal | Büyükgüzel, Ender | Erdem, Meltem | Küçük, Ceyhun | Atılgan, Utku Can

Proceedings | 2016 | FEBS JOURNAL283 , pp.66 - 66

41st FEBS Congress on Molecular and Systems Biology for a Better Life -- SEP 03-08, 2016 -- Kusadasi, TURKEY WOS: 000383616900195

Aslan, Nilay | Büyükgüzel, Ender | Büyükgüzel, Kemal

Article | 2019 | Environmental Entomology48 ( 3 ) , pp.667 - 673

In recent times, several studies have been undertaken on the artificial mass-rearing of insects in which clinical antibacterial antibiotics, including gemifloxacin, which is a DNA gyrase and topoisomerases inhibitor, are amended into the diet to control microbial contamination and preserve diet. The findings of these studies have suggested the possibility that these antibiotics influence the biological traits of insects in relation to their oxidative effects. This study investigated the effects of gemifloxacin on Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen) survival rates, development times, and male-female adult longevity. And we also determin . . .ed the effects of gemifloxacin on lipid peroxidation product, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl levels, and glutathione S-transferase activity of fruit fly eggs. First instars were fed on artificial diets containing 150, 300, 600, and 900 mg/liter concentrations of gemifloxacin until adult emergence. Our results indicate that sublethal effects of gemifloxacin are likely to significantly impair adult fitness and life-history parameters in D. melanogaster, probably because of its oxidative effects. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved Daha fazlası Daha az