Korkut, Şeyda | Kılıç, Muhammet Samet | Hazer, Baki

Article | 2019 | Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering14 ( 6 )

A copolymer poly(methyl methacrylate-co-vinylferrocene) was synthesized and used for the first time in a biofuel cell design. Bioanaode enzyme glucose oxidase and biocathode enzyme bilirubin oxidase were physically immobilized onto the copolymer-modified electrodes. Characterization studies were conducted by scanning electron microscopy, carbon-13, fourier transform infrared and hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance, and cyclic voltammograms. The designed biofuel cell was operated with linear sweep voltammetry. The maximum current was at 45°C with 120 µg of polymer amount. An improved power density of 323 µW cm-2 that is higher than . . . other ferrocene-based fuel cells was obtained with 10-mM glucose at 0.4 V with the designed bioanode. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Daha fazlası Daha az

Korkut, Şeyda | Uzunçar, Sinan | Kılıç, Muhammet Samet | Hazer, Baki

Article | 2019 | Instrumentation Science and Technology47 ( 1 ) , pp.1 - 18

A new amperometric urea biosensor based on gold nanoparticle embedded poly(propylene-co-imidazole) was developed for the determination of urea. The urease adsorbed on the polymeric film catalyzed the hydrolysis of urea to ammonium and bicarbonate ions and the ammonium was then electrooxidized on the gold electrode with the aid of gold nanoparticles at +0.2 V versus Ag/AgCl using differential pulse voltammetry. The biosensor provided a linear current response to urea concentration from 0.1 to 30 mM, a detection limit of 36 µM, a relative standard deviation of 2.43% (n = 18), and excellent storage stability, as the current decrease wa . . .s only 3% after 75 days. The operation of the biosensor was evaluated by the analysis of municipal sewage wastewater collected from the inlet pipe of the treatment plant of Zonguldak City in Turkey. The effects of possible interferants were also characterized. © 2018, © 2018 Taylor & Francis Daha fazlası Daha az

Genç, Ayten | Zeydan, Özgür | Saraç, Selin

Article | 2019 | Waste Management and Research37 ( 9 ) , pp.906 - 913

The usage of plastics has exponentially increased in our daily lives over the past 50 years because of its durability, low costs and potential for diverse applications, such as widespread use as disposable items. In this study, first, the recycling cost of plastic wastes has been estimated by using actual data taken from a recycling centre, where plastic solid wastes were collected separately. The total amount of plastic wastes recycled at the centre was approximately 695 tonnes. The operating cost of plastics separation at the recycling centre, the transport of plastic wastes, labouring, maintenance, electricity, insurance and chem . . .ical costs were taken into consideration in the cost evaluation. Accordingly, the unit cost of recycling was calculated as US$0.40 kg-1 of plastic waste. This cost was compared with the predicted plastic recycling cost in the same region using statistical values. The predicted recycling cost was estimated based on assuming segregated collection by the municipalities of all PSW in municipal solid waste. Then the resulting unit cost of recycling was found to be US$0.25 kg-1 of plastic waste. In addition, the recycling costs were also evaluated including the revenue from the sales of recycled plastic granular. According to the evaluated total cost of plastic recycling, it can be concluded that mechanical recycling of plastics can only be an economical option if the recovery of plastics is improved. © The Author(s) 2019 Daha fazlası Daha az

Albek, Erdem Ahmet | Göncü, Serdar | Uygun, Burcu Şimşek | Albek, Mine | Avdan, Zehra Yiğit | Güngör, Ömer

Article | 2019 | Global Nest Journal21 ( 2 ) , pp.163 - 171

Population growth, urbanization and anthropogenic activities are becoming a serious problem for water resources in Turkey, which necessitates their monitoring and maintenance of water quality. In this study, water quality was implemented in the Porsuk Stream in Inner Anatolia, Turkey. Water samples were collected at monthly intervals between the period of 2008-2010 at four selected stations. Twenty one water quality parameters were measured which are water temperature (T), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, turbidity, chloride, suspended solids, dissolved solids, organic nitrogen (Org-N), ammonium nit . . .rogen (NH3-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), total organic carbon, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total coliform, alkalinity, orthophosphate phosphorus (PO4 3--P), total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a. The monitoring was conducted to see how the water quality changed along the stream in response to various anthropogenic activities. Besides, a paired t-test was utilized to determine the concentration differences at stations above and below the single most important point source of pollutants (Eskisehir city). Moreover, a regression model was used to establish relations between water quality parameters and flow and to estimate nonpoint source loadings. © 2019 Global NEST Printed in Greece Daha fazlası Daha az

Zeydan, Özgür | Wang, Yuhang

Article | 2019 | ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH10 ( 5 ) , pp.1565 - 1576

Satellite based particulate matter (PM) pollution monitoring on a regional basis is of importance due in part to the adverse health effects of PM. In this study, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) derived aerosol optical depth (AOD) data at 3 km and 10 km resolutions from both Terra and Aqua satellites were used, in conjunction with the surface in situ data, to improve the regional distribution of ground-level PM2.5 over Turkey. Five years (2011-2015) of heating season's (15th October to 14th May) in situ PM2.5 measurements from 7 monitoring stations in Ankara and 3 years (2013-2015) of the same data from 13 monit . . .oring stations in Marmara Region were used. Linear and non-linear regression models were used to find the relationship between PM2.5 and AOD data. To improve the correlations between PM2.5 and AOD, the data points affected by free tropospheric long-range transport were removed from the analysis via back trajectory modeling analysis since long-range transport affects AOD more readily than surface PM2.5 data. Using non-linear models with the addition of meteorological parameters such as height of planetary boundary layer, surface temperature and surface wind speed improved the correlations significantly. The best non-linear model can explain 61% (n = 37, R-2 = 0.61, p < 0.001, RMSE = 0.337 mu g/m(3)) of PM2.5 variations at the Edirne Kesan site. It was found that Terra worked better than Aqua. Furthermore, 10-km aerosol products gave better correlations with PM2.5 as compared to the 3-km products. With the aid of spatiotemporal model, PM(2.5 )distribution maps are created for the first time for Turkey Daha fazlası Daha az

Özdoğan, Nizamettin | Kapukıran, Fatih | Öztürk Er, Elif | Bakırdere, Sezgin

Article | 2019 | Environmental Monitoring and Assessment191 ( 6 ) , pp.1565 - 1576

The emergence of magnetic materials has opened up doors to numerous applications including their use as sorbents for preconcentration of trace elements. Magnetic materials exhibit many unique advantages in sample preparation such as easy separation from the sample, high preconcentration factor, and short operation period. In the present study, magnetic cobalt material was synthesized, characterized, and used as an effective sorbent in a solid phase extraction process. Experimental variables of the extraction process including pH and volume of buffer solution, eluent concentration and volume, mixing type and period, and sorbent amoun . . .t were optimized to achieve maximum extraction efficiency. Instrumental variables of flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry and the type of slotted quartz tube were also investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the combined method provided a wide linear range between 50 and 200 ng/mL with detection and quantification limits of 15.4 ng/mL and 51.3 ng/mL, respectively. Relative standard deviations of the proposed method were less than 5.0% and a high enrichment factor of 86.7 was obtained. The proposed method was successfully applied to soil samples for the determination of trace tellurium. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG Daha fazlası Daha az

Kapukıran, Fatih | Fırat, Merve | Chormey, Dotse Selali | Bakırdere, Sezgin | Özdoğan, Nizamettin

Article | 2019 | Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology102 ( 6 ) , pp.848 - 853

In this study, the detection power of a gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC–MS) for procymidone and chlorflurenol was significantly enhanced using switchable solvent liquid phase microextraction (SS-LPME) as a preconcentration tool. This was achieved by a comprehensive optimization of significant parameters to the SS-LPME method such as switchable solvent amount, concentration and amount of sodium hydroxide, pH effect and mixing effect. The optimum experimental conditions obtained were used to determine analytical figures of merit for the analytes. The limits of detection obtained were 0.44 and 2.9 ng/mL for procymidone and chl . . .orflurenol, respectively. The optimum method was applied to water sampled from an irrigation canal and two wastewater samples. The samples were spiked at two concentrations and the percent recovery results obtained ranged between 86 and 115% for both analytes. The recovery results together with the low standard deviations recorded validated the method as accurate and precise. © 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature Daha fazlası Daha az

Korkut, Şeyda | Göl, Saliha | Kılıç, Muhammet Samet

Article | 2019 | Electroanalysis , pp.848 - 853

A biosensor based on conductive poly(pyrrole-co-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid) [Poly(Py-co-PyCOOH)] copolymer film coated gold electrode was developed for the quantitative phosphate determination. Enzyme pyruvate oxidase was immobilized chemically via the functional carboxylated groups of the copolymer. The potential to be applied which is deficiency of phosphate biosensor studies for precise phosphate detection was clarified by using differential pulse voltammetry technique. Performance of the sensing ability of the biosensor was improved by optimizing cofactor/cosubstrate concentrations, polymeric film density and pH. The biosensor sh . . .owed a linearity up to phosphate concentration of 5 mM, operational stability with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.07 % (n=7) and accuracy of 101 % at -0.15 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). Detection limit (LOD) and sensitivity were calculated to be 13.3 µM and 5.4 µA mM-1 cm-2, respectively by preserving 50 % of its initial response at the end of 30 days. It's performance was tested to determine phosphate concentrations in two streams of Zonguldak City in Turkey. Accuracy of phosphate measurement in stream water was found to be 91 %. © 2019 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinhei Daha fazlası Daha az

Altın, Süreyya | Altın, Ahmet

Article | 2019 | Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology10 ( 1 ) , pp.14 - 21

Supported liquid membrane process usually is used for recovering or enrichment of valuable metals in the industrial wastewater. But, even if the metals in the wastewater was separated with high chemical selectivity, it cannot be enough concentrated since separation performance of supported liquid membrane (SLM) process is limited by concentration gradient between feed solution and stripping solution. If metal concentration in the stripping solution to be enough low, transport of metal through membrane can be accomplishment constantly. Therefore, Electrodialysis (ED) has been placed after SLM process and the stripping solution of SLM . . . was used as the feed solution for the ED process. Transport of ions in the solutions is successfully performed by ED process. Thus, the metal concentration in the stripping solution does not rise as to stop ion transport. Besides, valuable metals easily are concentrated by ED process for re-use. In this study, effects of operation parameters like initial Cd(II) concentration, HCl concentration in the feed solution of SLM and applied voltage are investigated on separation efficiency, flux and permeability of the both processes. As the feed solution concentration increased, all performance values has increased. When initial concentration of 100 mg/L is used, separation performances (SP) are 55% and 70%, for SLM and consecutive process, respectively. The best HCl concentration in the feed solution of SLM has determined as 2 M, in this conditions SP are 64% and 72%, for SLM and consecutive process, respectively. With increased of applied voltage on ED process, SP of the consecutive process has been raised from 72% to 83%. According to the obtained experimental data, consecutive process has better separation performance than SLM. When the separation performances of both processes were compared for the same operating conditions, it was determined higher the separation efficiency, permeability and flux values of the consecutive process, 8%, 9% and %10.6, respectively. Consequently, the use of the consecutive process increases the performance efficiency of both processes. The consecutive process studied has quite a good chemical separation efficiency, and enrichment capability. Moreover, this process requires few water and energy. © 2019, Korean Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved Daha fazlası Daha az