Büyükgüzel, Kemal | İçen, Ender

Article | 2004 | Journal of Entomological Science39 ( 1 ) , pp.108 - 116

The effects of antibiotics, novobiocin, nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid, singly and in combinations, on the wet weight and total protein content of the hymenopterous endoparasitoid, Pimpla turionellae L., were investigated by rearing the larvae aseptically on chemically defined synthetic diets. Oxolinic acid, at all levels tested, caused a greater increase in the total protein content of the young pupae than other antibiotics; whereas, 2.25 mg of this agent decreased both the wet weight and total protein of adults. However, this antibiotic did not affect the pupal wet weight. High levels of novobiocin increased the protein content . . .of the pupae but had no effect on that of the adults. The lowest level of this antibiotic significantly increased pupal and adult wet weight. While this level of antibiotic had no effect on pupal protein content, it significantly increased the protein content of adults. The highest tested level of nalidixic acid caused a significant decrease in the pupal and adult wet weight of the insect. This level increased total protein content of the pupae. None of the tested levels of this antibiotic had an effect on the protein content of the adults. The combinations with two antibiotics had no significant effects on the total protein content, while some increased the wet weight of the insect. Some ternary combinations of novobiocin, nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid (6.0:2.0:0.75, 6.0:2.0:3,0, and 1.5: 4.0:0.75 mg) significantly increased the total protein content in adults of the insect, and the combination of 6.0:2.0:0.75 increased the protein content and wet weight of pupae. It is suggested that these three antibiotics singly and in combination can be used in artificial rearing of this parasitoid Daha fazlası Daha az

Büyükgüzel, Kemal

Article | 2006 | Journal of Economic Entomology99 ( 4 ) , pp.1225 - 1234

Effects of an organophosphorus insecticide, malathion, on survivorship and lipid peroxidation of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella (L.), pupae were investigated by rearing the newly hatched larvae on an artificial diet containing 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 ppm of the insecticide. As bioindicators of long-term physiological stress responses, the adult emergence rate, longevity, and fecundity associated with lipid peroxidation level and antioxidant enzyme activity in the endoparasitoid Pimpla turionellae (L.) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) were determined by rearing the parasitoid on a factitious host, G. mellonella pupae treated . . . with malathion. At 100 ppm, malathion significantly decreased pupation rate of G. mellonella larvae and the rate of adult emergence of the parasitoid from these pupae. This concentration resulted in a significant increase in the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) in both the host and the parasitoid. Malathion at 1 and 10 ppm significantly increased pupation rate and lipid peroxidation level of G. mellonella pupae. The adult emergence rate of P. turionellae was significantly decreased from 63.7 to 20% by these concentrations, whereas MDA content was increased by two- and three-fold, respectively, compared with the control (45.3 ± 3.2 nmol/g protein). The longevity of adults was significantly extended from 52.5 ± 5.7 to 75.7 ± 6.3 d when the parasitoids emerged from host pupae exposed with 0.1 ppm malathion. At low concentrations (0.01 and 0.1 ppm), malathion significantly increased the number of eggs laid per female per day. However, the lowest concentration (0.01 ppm) had no significant effect on hatchability, whereas 0.1 ppm of the insecticide resulted in significant decrease in egg hatch compared with the control. A significant increase in total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity for low concentrations of malathion (0.01-1 ppm) was found compared with the control. There was a significant positive correlation of SOD activities with adult longevity and fecundity. This study suggested that malathion-induced oxidative stress was causative factor in the deterioration of biological fitness and that increased SOD activities may have resulted in decreased oxidative damage, which retarded the rate of deteriorative physiological changes in P. turionellae in response to sublethal doses of malathion. © 2006 Entomological Society of America Daha fazlası Daha az

Harmancı, Cumhur | Büyükgüzel, Kemal | Büyükgüzel, Ender

Article | 2019 | Journal of Economic Entomology112 ( 3 ) , pp.1081 - 1088

Understanding the effects of diet on metabolic events is crucial for biological control programs of parasitoid insects. As bioindicators of long-term physiological stress: survivorship of fifth instar larvae, pupation, adult survival, and developmental time for stages of endoparasitoid Pimpla turionellae L. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) were investigated by rearing the parasitoid on the host, Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) pupae were treated with neomycin. First instar larvae of G. mellonella were reared on artificial diets containing 0.005, 0.01, or 0.5 g neomycin (g/100 g of diet) until seventh instar larvae; the p . . .upae from these larvae were used as a host for rearing P. turionellae. In the control group, the pupae from larvae reared on artificial diets without neomycin were used as a host. Survivorship of fifth instar, pupal, and adult stages of P. turionellae L. reared on G. mellonella pupae as a host fed with different concentrations of neomycin were significantly decreased in comparison to the control group. Approximately eighty percent of P. turionellae L. pupae were produced from control host pupae, while other neomycin concentrations significantly decreased the pupation of the parasitoid. Pimpla turionellae L. larvae reared on control host pupae reached fifth instar in about 9.6 ± 0.61 d, while the larvae reared from a host pupae exposed to the highest antibiotic concentration completed their development to the fifth instar in about 7.4 d. These results showed that neomycin, and possibly its metabolites, contaminated P. turionellae L. larvae from a host and affected larval stages of the parasitoid. © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America Daha fazlası Daha az

Büyükgüzel, Kemal

Article | 2001 | JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY94 ( 1 ) , pp.21 - 26

Effects of novobiocin, nalidixic, and oxolinic acids on the survival and development of the hymenopterous endoparasitoid Pimpla turionellae L. were investigated alone and in various combinations by rearing larvae aseptically on chemically defined synthetic diets. Effects varied with the levels and kinds of the antibiotics in the tested combinations. Among the tested antibiotics alone, only the lowest level of novobiocin enhanced the postlarval survival. Most of the combinations significantly increased the number of survivors in the postlarval developmental stages. Novobiocin in combination with nalidixic acid (6.0:2.0 mg) in the art . . .ificial diet produced a yield of 80.8% pupae and 69.4% adults, respectively. This combination also shortened the developmental time to adult emergence. Similarly, on most of the diets with combinations of the antibiotics, the development of the larvae up to adult stage was noticeably faster than those on the control diets. An approximate to 50% reduction in the percentages of pupae and adults was recorded bs 6.0 mg of novobiocin in combination with 0.75 mg of oxolinic acid compared with the control diet. Although this combination prolonged the complete development of the insect according to other novobiocin and oxolinic acid combinations, developmental time was significantly shorter than that with control diet Daha fazlası Daha az