Acar B.T. | Akdemir M.O. | Acar S.

Makale | 2014 | International Journal of Ophthalmology7 ( 6 ) , pp.974 - 979

AIM: To evaluate the visual acuity and endothelial cell density according to the thickness in Descemet‘s stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) one year after surgery. METHODS: DSAEK patients‘ data were reviewed. Thirty seven eyes of 37 patients who underwent DSAEK for pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK) were included in this study. Graft thickness was measured with optical coherence tomography (OCT) 12mo after DSAEK. Eyes were divided into 3 groups based on the graft thickness: thick (>200 µm), medium-thick (150-200 µm) and thin (<150 µm). Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), endothelial cells density (ECD) a . . .nd complications were assessed and comparisons were done between groups. RESULTS: Median thickness of postoperative grafts was 188 (range 73-317 pm). There was no significant difference in age, sex, preoperative BCVA, or follow-up period between DSAEK groups. At postoperative 12mo, mean BCVA was 0.28±0.10 in thick graft group, 0.52±0.08 in medium-thick graft group, and 0.72±0.06 in thin graft group. Thin grafts showed better postoperative BCVA as compared with the medium-thick and thick grafts (P= 0.001). Thick graft group had 1637.44 ±88.19 -mm2, medium thick graft had 1764.50±34.28-mm2 and thin graft group had 1845.30 ±65.62 -mm2. Thin graft group had better ECD at 12mo after surgery (P=0.001). CONCLUSION: Thin grafts after DSAEK ensure better visual rehabilitation. Eyes with thin grafts had significantly lesser loss of ECD compared to eyes with medium-thick and thick grafts one year after surgery. © 2014, Int J Ophthalmol. All rights reserved Daha fazlası Daha az

Akinci N.

Konferans nesnesi | 2014 | Applied Mechanics and Materials446-447 , pp.373 - 377

The spontaneous emission spectrum of a two-level atom in a one-dimensional (1D) anisotropic photonic crystal with symmetry of double helix is investigated using Laplace transform. Properties of spectrum of the radiation modes are discussed in detail under different values of detuning of atomic resonant frequency from a band-edge. Since spontaneous emission is proportional to the density of states (DOS), it is suppressed within the reflection band, corresponding to vanishing of the DOS. However, it is enhanced at the band edge. Therefore, spontaneous emission spectrum of the system is influenced at the edge of the stop band rather th . . .an at its centre. © (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland Daha fazlası Daha az

Yildirim, Ertugrul | Ozturk, Zafer

Konferans nesnesi | 2014 | 3RD CYPRUS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH (CY-ICER 2014)143 , pp.1020 - 1024

After the oil shock of 1973, studies on causal nexus between oil price and economic growth have increasingly appeared in the literature. Unlike extant literature, this study deals with two problems related to causality estimation. The first one is which oil price should be used in empirical analyses as the price of oil differs among different oil products. Instead of crude oil price, oil basket price calculated by OPEC was used in this paper since it does not exclude the price of other oil types. Second problem is that positive and negative shocks in the independent variables may asymmetrically affect dependent variable. Distinguish . . .ing positive and negative shocks may lead to different findings. Moreover asymmetric causality test may lead to inference about the sign of the causal nexus. In this study asymmetric causal links were taken into account using the novel asymmetric causality approach developed by Hatemi-J (2012). Furthermore non-normality of the error term and time varying volatility may lead to biased estimation results. So a bootstrap simulation approach developed by Hacker and Hatemi-J (2006) was used to generate critical values that are robust to non-normality and time-varying volatility. In addition, classical non-asymmetric causality test was applied with the aim of comparison. The monthly data set covers the period of 2003:1-2013:1. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Daha fazlası Daha az

Tascilar, N. F. | Aydemir, H. | Demiryurek, E. | Kokturk, F.

Konferans nesnesi | 2014 | JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY261 , pp.1020 - 1024

Joint Congress of European Neurology -- MAY 31-JUN 03, 2014 -- Istanbul, TURKEY WOS: 000347674000672

Ayaz, Berna

Gözden Geçirme | 2014 | MILLI FOLKLOR ( 103 ) , pp.166 - 168

WOS: 000344580200015

Akar, Tarık | Aynioğlu, Aynur | Dindar, Gökhan | Babür, Taner

Mektup | 2014 | Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni48 ( 3 ) , pp.518 - 520

We&#8217;ve read with great interest the article entitled &#8220;Determination of hepatitis C virus genotypes among hepatitis C patients in Eastern Black Sea Region, Turkey&#8221; by Buruk et al. published in Mikrobiyol Bul 2013; 47(4): 650-7. In that study, the authors described the determination and distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in Eastern Black Sea Region comprehensively. According to the current information, the determination of HCV genotypes is the most important factor for the management of therapy and virus-related complications, such as chirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The distribution . . . of HCV genotypes varies geographically throughout the world. Therefore every country and even each region within the country should know the distribution of HCV genotypes to determine the appropriate treatment strategy. Herein we would like to contribute the data about distribution of HCV genotypes in whole Black Sea Region by presenting our current results obtained from Zonguldak province, where maximum number of chronic hepatit C patients have already been identified in Eastern Black Sea Region. A total of 53 chronic hepatitis C patients (26 female, 27 male; mean age: 57.1 ± 14.3, age range: 21-82 years) who were admitted to Zonguldak Ataturk State Hospital between January 2012-December 2013 were evaluated. Genotype analysis was performed by RealTime HCV Genotype II (Abbott Molecular, ABD) system. Genotype-1 was found to be the most frequently detected type with a rate of 96.2% (51/53). The prevalences of genotype-2 (1/53) and genotype-4 (1/53) were same, with a rate of 1.9%, in our study. Subtyping of genotype-1 strains yielded 52.9% (27/51) genotype-1b, 3.9% genotype-1a (2/51) and 47% untypeable genotype-1 (24/51). The present study was the second study from the Western Black Sea Region in our country, regarding HCV genotypes. In conclusion, considering entire Black Sea Region, genotype-1 is the most common genotype (96.2%), and 1b (52.9%) is the most common subtype, in parallel to the data reported from the other regions of Turkey. We&#8217;ve read with great interest the article entitled &#8220;Determination of hepatitis C virus genotypes among hepatitis C patients in Eastern Black Sea Region, Turkey&#8221; by Buruk et al. published in Mikrobiyol Bul 2013; 47(4): 650-7. In that study, the authors described the determination and distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in Eastern Black Sea Region comprehensively. According to the current information, the determination of HCV genotypes is the most important factor for the management of therapy and virus-related complications, such as chirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The distribution of HCV genotypes varies geographically throughout the world. Therefore every country and even each region within the country should know the distribution of HCV genotypes to determine the appropriate treatment strategy. Herein we would like to contribute the data about distribution of HCV genotypes in whole Black Sea Region by presenting our current results obtained from Zonguldak province, where maximum number of chronic hepatit C patients have already been identified in Eastern Black Sea Region. A total of 53 chronic hepatitis C patients (26 female, 27 male; mean age: 57.1 ± 14.3, age range: 21-82 years) who were admitted to Zonguldak Ataturk State Hospital between January 2012-December 2013 were evaluated. Genotype analysis was performed by RealTime HCV Genotype II (Abbott Molecular, ABD) system. Genotype-1 was found to be the most frequently detected type with a rate of 96.2% (51/53). The prevalences of genotype-2 (1/53) and genotype-4 (1/53) were same, with a rate of 1.9%, in our study. Subtyping of genotype-1 strains yielded 52.9% (27/51) genotype-1b, 3.9% genotype-1a (2/51) and 47% untypeable genotype-1 (24/51). The present study was the second study from the Western Black Sea Region in our country, regarding HCV genotypes. In conclusion, considering entire Black Sea Region, genotype-1 is the most common genotype (96.2%), and 1b (52.9%) is the most common subtype, in parallel to the data reported from the other regions of Turkey Daha fazlası Daha az

Meydan, Hasan

Makale | 2014 | Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi16 ( 30 ) , pp.203 - 228

Bu çalışmanın amacı Osmanlı’nın son dönem ahlak eğitimcilerinden olan Zeynizade Mehmet Hazık’ın Terbiye (Terbiye-i Bedeniye, Terbiye-i Fikrîye ve Terbiye-i Ahlakiye) isimli eserinin “Terbiyei Ahlakiye” bölümünün günümüz Türkçesine aktarılarak tetkik edilmesidir. Çalışmanın tetkikinde müellifin görüşlerinin tarihi ve dini kökenlerinin belirlenmesi, kendinden sonraki ve günümüzdeki eğitim düşüncesi ile karşılaştırılması, açıklanmaya ve tenkide muhtaç noktaların tenkit ve açıklanması, günümüz ahlak eğitimi çalışmaları için istifade edilebilecek fikirlerin tespit edilmesine yönelik bir yöntem takip edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda müellifi . . .n ahlakı toplumsal açıdan ele aldığı ve vazife ahlakına dayanan bir ahlak eğitimi anlayışı öngördüğü belirlenmiştir. Müellif ahlak eğitimi için itaat, ibret, arkadaşlık ve vicdan esaslarından oluşan bütüncül bir metot önermektedir. Bu metot yapıcı geri bildirim vermek, ahlaki muhakeme yapıp ibret almak, iyi arkadaşlarla beraber olmak ve vicdanı kirletecek şeylerden uzak durmak gibi yöntemleri içermektedir. Aims of the study, to translate Moral Education chapter of Zeynizade Mehmet Hazık's book named Terbiye (Physical Education, Thought Education and Moral Education), one of the moral educators of last period of Ottomans, to modern Turkish language by reviewing. The review gives priority to; determining historical and religious backgrounds of the author's opinions, comparing with the current educational thinking, explaining and criticizing of the points in need, and pinpointing ideas that could be useful for today's moral education works. We have concluded that the author is considering the ethics socially and his approach to moral education is based on morality of duty.A comprehensive method of moral education suggested by the author consists of obedience (respect), draw a lesson, friendship, and conscience rules. These methods include some procedures such as giving constructive feedback, drawing a lesson by making moral judgment, being with good friends and staying away from things that pollute conscience Daha fazlası Daha az

Elitok Ö. | Özdamar Ş. | Bacak G. | Uz B.

Makale | 2014 | Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences23 ( 6 ) , pp.645 - 667

Mafic and felsic igneous rocks in the Karacaali Magmatic Complex (KMC) in the northwestern margin of the Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex (CACC) are classified into 4 groups: i) granitoid pluton including granite, granodiorite, and monzonite; ii) a few meter-scale porphyritic microgranite enclaves within the hybrid rocks; iii) hybrid rocks formed by mixing/mingling of mafic lavas (basaltic/diabasic/lamprophyric), anorthositic, and/or rhyolitic lavas; iv) diabasic dykes/veins within the granitoid pluton. Major element composition of the granitoid pluton and porphyritic microgranite enclaves within the hybrid rocks indicate subal . . .kaline, calc-alkaline, and mostly I-type characteristics. These rocks are mainly peraluminous with aluminum saturation index >1, but mainly between 1 and 1.1, indicating transitional peraluminous. On the tectonomagmatic discrimination diagrams (Y vs. Nb and (Y+Nb) vs. Rb diagrams), all the granitic and monzonitic rock suites from the complex fall mostly in the VAG+Syn-COLG and VAG fields respectively, suggesting arc-related origin. On the R1 vs. R2 tectonic diagram, the granitic rocks display distribution from preplate collision to syncollision field, but quartz-monzonitic samples plot within the postcollision uplift field. Based on limited geological, petrographic, and geochemical results, the tectonomagmatic evolution of the KMC can be summarized as follow: i) initiation of subduction of the Inner Tauride oceanic lithosphere beneath the CACC during the Late Cretaceous time; ii) underplating of partial melts derived from subducted slab and/or mantle wedge, which provided enough heat for partial melting of the mafic lower crust and generation of granitic magma; iii) slab detachment following the continent–continent collision that resulted in tensional forces within the overlying continental crust, which allowed the intrusion of the granitic magma to the upper crust, also cutting the central Anatolian ophiolites, from the Late Cretaceous to most likely the Paleocene time. The hybrid rocks formed by mixing/mingling of the mafic, anorthositic, and/or rhyolitic magmas most likely indicate their injection into a partly crystalline granitic magmatic system just after crystallization of granitic magma in the upper crust. However, this model is open to discussion and needs to be investigated using isotope data in future studies. © TÜBITAK Daha fazlası Daha az

Unlu, Tugrul | Yilmaz, Ozgur

Makale | 2014 | GEOTECHNICAL TESTING JOURNAL37 ( 1 ) , pp.645 - 667

Since direct tensile testing is time-consuming and expensive, the Brazilian test may overestimate the tensile strength of rocks because of its biaxial stress instead of the uniaxial tension condition, an alternative testing method is required to determine tensile strength of intact rock samples. The aim of this paper is to introduce a new push-pull tensile testing apparatus (PPTA), which can be used for determining direct tensile strength of cylindrical intact rock specimens. The PPTA introduces a new clamping mechanism that can also be utilized for the determination of conventional direct tensile strength of intact rock specimens. . . .During the study, direct tensile tests and indirect Brazilian tests were carried out using rock specimens and artificial rock specimens that were made by using graded river sand, cement, and water mixtures to compare results obtained from the PPTA tests. Results of the experimental study have shown that there is a good correlation between the results obtained from the direct tensile tests and the PPTA. In addition, elastic and elasto-plastic numerical modeling studies were also carried out using the three-dimensional finite difference method (FLAC 3-D) to investigate stress development within rock sample during testing and failure initiation. Results of the modeling studies showed that failure of the core sample is due to maximum principal tensile stresses and crack initiation starts from the outer periphery of the core and propagates inside the center, which is an acceptable failure mode for direct tensile testing. Finally, results of the experimental and numerical studies have shown that pushpull tensile testing apparatus (PPTA) is a practical and reliable tool for determining direct tensile strength of intact rocks. Because it does not require sample preparation, it can easily be used either in laboratory or in situ Daha fazlası Daha az

Sumer, Mahmut | Keskiner, Ilker | Mercan, Ugur | Misir, Ferhat | Cankaya, Soner

Makale | 2014 | JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY112 ( 3 ) , pp.522 - 525

Statement of problem. Many studies have investigated the heat generated during implant preparation, but data are needed to better predict heat generation during implant insertion. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to measure the heat generated during insertion of an implant at speeds of 30, 50, and 100 rpm, and with manual insertion. Material and methods. Sixty-four uniform fresh bovine femoral cortical bone specimens were used. After the cortical bone was drilled, 3 different implant insertion speeds and the manual insertion of the implant were evaluated for 2 different implant diameters. The temperature was measured with 2 Te . . .flon-insulated, type K thermocouples. Data were analyzed by 2way ANOVA, and the Tukey honestly significant difference test (Gc=.05). Results. The highest thermal change for 4.1-mm-diameter implants was found at a speed of 100 rpm (9.81 C 2.29 C), and the lowest thermal change was 3.69 C 0.85 C at a speed of 30 rpm. A statistically significant difference was found between 100 rpm and the other 3 insertion procedures. The highest thermal change for a 4.8-mm-diameter implant was found at a speed of 100 rpm (8.79 C 1.53 C), and the lowest thermal change was 4.48 C 0.85 C at a speed of 30 rpm. No statistical difference was observed with manual, 30 rpm, and 50 rpm; however, a statistically significant difference was found between 100 rpm and the other 3 insertion procedures. Conclusions. Manual implant insertion and at speeds of 30 rpm and 50 rpm generated lower heat compared with insertion at 100 rpm. (J Prosthet Dent 20:14;112:522-525 Daha fazlası Daha az

Sevinc O. | Is M. | Barut C. | Erdogan A.

Makale | 2014 | International Journal of Morphology32 ( 4 ) , pp.1140 - 1143

There are a number of variations regarding morphometric anatomy and degree of pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus. In our study, we planned to examine and show the differences of pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus particularly to guide the neurosurgeon during transsphenoidal surgery. Sagittal T1-weighed spin-echo Magnetic Resonance Images (MRIs) of 616 adult individuals (406 women and 210 men) were analyzed, retrospectively. According to the collected data from our study, the most common type of the sphenoid sinus was the sellar type (83%; n=511) for the whole study group. Of the 616 individuals 16.6% (n=102) had presellar type a . . .nd 0.5% (n=3) had conchal type of sphenoid sinus. Preoperative detailed detection of the anatomical characteristics of sphenoid sinus is essential. A thorough information obtained from studies of the regional anatomy and awareness of its variability can provide a safe and accurate transsphenoidal and extended endoscopic skull base approaches. © 2014, Universidad de la Frontera. All rights reserved Daha fazlası Daha az

Baştürk, Mehmet

Makale | 2014 | Avrasya Etüdleri2 ( 46 ) , pp.167 - 191

Natüralizmin kurucusu ve en önemli temsilcisi kabul edilen Emile Zola’nın 1885’te yayımladığı Germinal, kömür madencilerinin çalışma şartlarını ve yaşamlarını gerçekçi bir dille aktaran, dünya klasiği olmuş, önemli romanlardan biridir. Germinal ile karşılaştırmalı değerlendirilecek Mükellefyet ve Göl Dağı romanlarının yazarı Metin Köse’dir. Zonguldaklı yazar, romanlarında “mükellefyet” kanunuyla Zonguldak köylülerinin kömür ocaklarında zorla çalıştırılmasını anlatır. Mükellefyetin ilki 1867-1888 yılları arasında Osmanlı döneminde, ikincisi ise İkinci Dünya Savaşı yıllarını içeren 1940-1948 yılları arasında Cumhuriyet döneminde uygul . . .anır. Köse, içinde bin bir trajediyi barındıran kanun zoruyla çalıştırmanın ilkini Mükellefyet’te ikincisini de Göl Dağı’nda işler. Bu çalışmada Emile Zola’nın Germinal adlı romanı ile Metin Köse’nin Mükellefyet ve Göl Dağı romanları eklektik bir yöntemle madencilerin zorlu yaşam koşulları / çaresizlikleri, sınıf farklılığı, isyan / grev konuları bakımından karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Bahsi geçen konulardaki benzerlikler, farklılıklar ve bunların sebepleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Germinal, published in 1885, by Emile Zola who is accepted as founder and the most signifcant representative of Naturalism is one of the signifcant world’s classics novels which relays the working conditions and lives of coal miners by using a realist language. Metin Köse is the author who is evaluated by comparing his Mükellefyet and Göl Dağı with Germinal. The author, is from Zonguldak, tells running the villagers in Zonguldak in coal mines forcibly by law of “liabil- ity” (mükellefyet). The frst liability law is applied during The Ottoman period between 1867 -1888; second one is applied during Republic period, which in- volves Second World War years, between 1940 -1948. Köse discusses the frst forcibly running by law involving many tragedies in Mükellefyet, second one in Göl Dağı. In this study, Germinal by Emile Zola and Mükellefyet and Göl Dağı by Metin Kose are comparatively analysed by an eclectic method in regard to the subjects such as “hard life conditions / despairs, class differences, rebellion / strike of miners”. The aforementioned similarities, differences and the reasons of all are emphasized Daha fazlası Daha az